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MySQL

MySQL에 대하여 기초부터 기본 명령어까지 알아보자!

by C0Di 2022. 9. 14.
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MySQL?

MySQL은 데이터 소프트웨어입니다. 일반적으로 데이터를 추가하거나 검색, 추출하는 기능을 모두 포함해서 데이터베이스라고 부릅니다.

MySQL은 세계에서 가장 많이 쓰이는 오픈 소스의 관계형 데이터베이스 관리시스템(RDBMS)입니다. MySQL은 PHP 스크립트 언어와 상호 연동이 잘 되면서 오픈소스를 개발된 무료 프로그램입니다. 그래서 홈페이지나 쇼핑몰(워드프레스, cafe24, 제로보드, 그누보드)등 일반적으로 웹 개발에 널리 사용하고 있습니다.

MySQL 설치

MAMP란 웹사이트를 개발할 때 쓰이는 기술 스택인 macOS, Apache, MySQL, pHP 의 약어이자 솔루션 스텍이다
https://www.mamp.info/en/downloads/

MySQL 실행

윈도우 : cs MAMP/bin/mysql/bin
로그인 : mysql -uroot -proot 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.7.24 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
맥 : cd Application/mamp/Library/bin
로그인 : ./mysql -uroot -proot 
gimsangjun@gimsangjun-ui-MacBookAir bin % ./mysql -uroot -proot                           
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.7.34 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

데이터베이스

데이터베이스 만들기

create database [데이터 베이스 이름]; 
mysql> create database sample01;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

데이터베이스 보기

show databases; 
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sample01           |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

데이터베이스 사용

use 데이터베이스 이름; 
mysql> use sample01;
Database changed

데이터베이스 삭제

drop database [데이터 베이스 이름]; 
mysql> drop database sample02;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

테이블

테이블 만들기

create table member ( myMemberID int(10) unsigned auto_increment, youEmail varchar(40) NOT NULL, youName varchar(20) NOT NULL, youPass varchar(20) NOT NULL, youBirth int(20) NOT NULL, regTime int(20) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (myMemberID) ) charset=utf8; 
mysql> create table member (
->     myMemberID int(10) unsigned auto_increment,
->     youEmail varchar(40) NOT NULL,
->     youName varchar(20) NOT NULL,
->     youPass varchar(20) NOT NULL,
->     youBirth int(20) NOT NULL,
->     regTime int(20) NOT NULL,
->     PRIMARY KEY (myMemberID)
-> ) charset=utf8;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)

테이블 전체보기

show tables; 
mysql> show tables;
+--------------------+
| Tables_in_sample01 |
+--------------------+
| member             |
+--------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

테이블 보기

desc 테이블 이름; 
mysql> desc member;
+------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field      | Type             | Null | Key | Default | Extra          |
+------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| myMemberID | int(10) unsigned | NO   | PRI | NULL    | auto_increment |
| youEmail   | varchar(40)      | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
| youName    | varchar(20)      | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
| youPass    | varchar(20)      | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
| youBirth   | int(20)          | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
| regTime    | int(20)          | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
+------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
6 rows in set (0.02 sec)

테이블 삭제

drop table 테이블 이름; 
mysql> drop table member;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

테이블 데이터

테이블 데이터 추가

INSERT INTO 테이블 이름(필드명) VALUE(데이터) 
NSERT INTO member(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, regTime) VALUES('ooooooo@naver.com', '1234', '19940404', '1234567');
INSERT INTO member(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, regTime) VALUES('ooooo_oooooo@naver.com','1234','19990303','1234567');
INSERT INTO member(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, regTime) VALUES('ooooo_oooooo@naver.com', '1234', '19970415', '1234567');
INSERT INTO member(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, regTime) VALUES('ooooo_oooooo@naver.com', '1234', '19970530', '1234567');
INSERT INTO member(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, regTime) VALUES('ooooo_oooooo@naver.com', '1234', '19941009', '1234567');
INSERT INTO member(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, regTime) VALUES('ooooo_oooooo@naver.com', '1234', '19990303', '1234567');
INSERT INTO member(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, regTime) VALUES('ooooo_oooooo@gmail.com', '1234', '20011009','1234567');
INSERT INTO member(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, regTime) VALUES('ooooo_oooooo@naver.com','1234','19970205','1234567');
INSERT INTO member(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, regTime) VALUES('ooooo_oooooo@naver.com','1234','19990303','1234567');
INSERT INTO member(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, regTime) VALUES('ooooo_oooooo@naver.com','1234','19990303','1234567');
INSERT INTO member(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, regTime) VALUES('ooooo_oooooo@gmail.com', '1234', '19990303', '1234567');
INSERT INTO member(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, regTime) VALUE('ooooo_oooooo@gmail.com', '1234', '19990303', '1234567');
INSERT INTO member(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, regTime) VALUES('ooooo_oooooo@gmail.com','1234','19970731','1234567');
INSERT INTO member(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, regTime) VALUES('ooooo_oooooo@naver.com','1234','19960530','1234567')
INSERT INTO member(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, regTime) VALUES('ooooo_oooooo@gmail.com','1234','19971007','1234567');
INSERT INTO member(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, regTime) VALUES('ooooo_oooooo@gmail.com','1234','19960331','1234567');
INSERT INTO member(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, regTime) VALUES('ooooo_oooooo@gmail.com','1234','19990303','1234567');
INSERT INTO member(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, regTime) VALUES('ooooo_oooooo@gmail.com', '1234', '19981010', '1234567');
INSERT INTO member(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, regTime) VALUE('ooooo_oooooo@gmail.com', '1234', '19700101', '1234567');
INSERT INTO member(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, regTime) VALUES('ooooo_oooooo@gmail.com', '1234', '19990303', '1234567');
INSERT INTO member(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, regTime) VALUES('ooooo_oooooo@naver.com', '3950', '20010415', '1234567');

테이블 불러오기

SELECT 필드명 FROM 테이븗명 WHERE 조건

전체 데이터 불러오기

예)SELECT * FROM member; 
mysql> SELECT * FROM member;
+------------+------------------------+------------+---------+----------+---------+
| myMemberID | youEmail               | youName    | youPass | youBirth | regTime |
+------------+------------------------+------------+---------+----------+---------+
|          1 | ooooo_oooooo@naver.com | 홍길동       | 1234    | 19940404 |       4 |
|          2 | ooooo_oooooo@naver.com | 홍길동       | 1234    | 19940404 | 1234567 |
|          3 | ooooo_oooooo@naver.com | 홍길동       | 1234    | 19990303 | 1234567 |
|          4 | ooooo_oooooo@naver.com | 홍길동       | 1234    | 19970415 | 1234567 |
|          5 | ooooo_oooooo@naver.com | 홍길동       | 1234    | 19970530 | 1234567 |
|          6 | ooooo_oooooo@naver.com | 홍길동       | 1234    | 19941009 | 1234567 |
|          7 | ooooo_oooooo@naver.com | 홍길동       | 1234    | 19990303 | 1234567 |
|          8 | ooooo_oooooo@naver.com | 홍길동       | 1234    | 20011009 | 1234567 |
|          9 | ooooo_oooooo@naver.com | 홍길동       | 1234    | 19970205 | 1234567 |
|         10 | ooooo_oooooo@naver.com | 홍길동       | 1234    | 19990303 | 1234567 |
|         11 | ooooo_oooooo@naver.com | 홍길동       | 1234    | 19990303 | 1234567 |
|         12 | ooooo_oooooo@naver.com | 홍길동       | 1234    | 19990303 | 1234567 |
|         13 | ooooo_oooooo@naver.com | 홍길동       | 1234    | 19990303 | 1234567 |
|         14 | ooooo_oooooo@naver.com | 홍길동       | 1234    | 19970731 | 1234567 |
|         15 | ooooo_oooooo@naver.com | 홍길동       | 1234    | 19960331 | 1234567 |
|         16 | ooooo_oooooo@naver.com | 홍길동       | 1234    | 19990303 | 1234567 |
|         17 | ooooo_oooooo@naver.com | 홍길동       | 1234    | 19981010 | 1234567 |
|         18 | ooooo_oooooo@naver.com | 홍길동       | 1234    | 19700101 | 1234567 |
|         19 | ooooo_oooooo@naver.com | 홍길동       | 1234    | 19990303 | 1234567 |
|         20 | ooooo_oooooo@naver.com | 홍길동       | 3950    | 20010415 | 1234567 |
+------------+------------------------+------------+---------+----------+---------+
20 rows in set (0.01 sec)

myMemberID가 6번인 경우

예) SELECT * FROM member WHERE myMemberID = 6 
mysql> SELECT * FROM member WHERE myMemberID = 6;
+------------+-----------------------+-----------+---------+----------+---------+
| myMemberID | youEmail              | youName   | youPass | youBirth | regTime |
+------------+-----------------------+-----------+---------+----------+---------+
|          6 | ooooo_ooooo@naver.com | 김수용      | 1234    | 19941009 | 1234567 |
+------------+-----------------------+-----------+---------+----------+---------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

email 중에 naver 텍스트를 포함하고 있는 경우

예) SELECT * FROM member WHERE youEmail LIKE '%naver%'; 
mysql> SELECT * FROM member WHERE youEmail LIKE '%naver%';
+------------+------------------------+------------+---------+----------+---------+
| myMemberID | youEmail               | youName    | youPass | youBirth | regTime |
+------------+------------------------+------------+---------+----------+---------+
|          1 | oooo_ooooooo@gmail.com | 홍길동       | 1234    | 19940404 |       4 |
|          2 | oooo_ooooooo@gmail.com | 홍길동       | 1234    | 19940404 | 1234567 |
|          3 | oooo_ooooooo@gmail.com | 홍길동       | 1234    | 19990303 | 1234567 |
|          4 | oooo_ooooooo@gmail.com | 홍길동       | 1234    | 19970415 | 1234567 |
|          5 | oooo_ooooooo@gmail.com | 홍길동       | 1234    | 19970530 | 1234567 |
|          6 | oooo_ooooooo@gmail.com | 홍길동       | 1234    | 19941009 | 1234567 |
|          7 | oooo_ooooooo@gmail.com | 홍길동       | 1234    | 19990303 | 1234567 |
|          9 | oooo_ooooooo@gmail.com | 홍길동       | 1234    | 19970205 | 1234567 |
|         10 | oooo_ooooooo@gmail.com | 홍길동       | 1234    | 19990303 | 1234567 |
|         11 | oooo_ooooooo@gmail.com | 홍길동       | 1234    | 19990303 | 1234567 |
|         20 | oooo_ooooooo@gmail.com | 홍길동       | 3950    | 20010415 | 1234567 |
+------------+------------------------+------------+---------+----------+---------+
11 rows in set (0.01 sec)

테이블 데이터

INSERT INTO 테이블 이름(필드명) VALUE(데이터) 
INSERT INTO member(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, regTime) VALUES('to_before@naver.com', '김상준', '1234', '19940404', '04')

테이블 데이터

INSERT INTO 테이블 이름(필드명) VALUE(데이터) 
INSERT INTO member(youEmail, youName, youPass, youBirth, regTime) VALUES('to_before@naver.com', '김상준', '1234', '19940404', '04')
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